Reading Recommendations
We have compiled what we consider to be some of the most foundational readings on intersectionality relevant to the social and behavioral sciences. This list is not meant to be exhaustive, and we welcome suggestions about articles and books that we should consider adding.
Because of copyright protections, we’re unable to show images or include PDFs of these articles. Please email us at info@intersectionalitytraining.com to let us know about others that should be on this list.
- Brah, A., & Phoenix, A. (2004). Ain't I a woman? Revisiting intersectionality. Journal of International Women's Studies, 5, 75-91. https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&arti cle=1543&context=jiws
- Cho, S., Crenshaw, K. W., & McCall, L. (2013). Toward a field of intersectionality studies: Theory, applications, and praxis. Signs, 38(4), 785-810. https://doi.org/10.1086/669608
- Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality's definitional dilemmas. Annual Review of Sociology, 41(1), 1- 20. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112142
- Combahee River Collective. (1977). The Combahee River Collective Statement. In B. Smith (Ed.), Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology (pp. 272-282). Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press. (Available at https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/combahee-river-collective- statement-1977/)
- Crenshaw, K. W. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum(1), 139-167. http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8
- Crenshaw, K. W. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43, 1241-1299. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039
- Davis, K. (2008, April 1, 2008). Intersectionality as buzzword: A sociology of science perspective on what makes a feminist theory successful. Feminist Theory, 9, 67-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700108086364
- Nash, J. C. (2008). Re-thinking intersectionality. Feminist Review, 89, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.2008.4
- Weber, L. (1998). A conceptual framework for understanding race, class, gender, and sexuality. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22(1), 13-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00139.x
- Bowleg, L. (2008). When Black + Woman + Lesbian? ≠ Black Lesbian Woman: The methodological challenges of qualitative and quantitative intersectionality research. Sex Roles, 59(5-6), 312-325. doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9400-z
- Using a qualitative and quantitative research project that I (Lisa Bowleg) conducted with a sample of Black lesbian and bisexual women many years ago as a foundation, this article highlights the numerous methodological challenges of using intersectionality, a framework not developed for research, for … research. I attend to the mismatch between some of intersectionality’s core tenets and the traditional methodological rules for measurement, analysis and interpretation in qualitative and quantitative social and behavioral science research.
- Cole, E. R. (2009). Intersectionality and research in psychology. American Psychologist, 64, 170-180. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014564
- Elizabeth Cole’s insightful article prompts psychologists who use an intersectional lens in their research to investigate three key questions at each stage of the research process: (1) who is included and how are categories similar and difference in terms of inequality; (2) the role of power and privilege in structuring people’s experiences; and (3) commonalities within social categories.
- McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs, 30(3), 1771-1800. https://doi.org/10.1086/426800
- In this classic article, Leslie McCall jumpstarts intersectionality methodology but first noting the void of attention to the complexity of intersectionality. She proposes three approaches to intersectionality complexity approaches: (1) anticategorical;(2) intracategorical; and (3) intercategorical. This article is essential reading for intersectionality researchers.
- Abrams, J. A., Tabaac, A., Jung, S., & Else-Quest, N. M. (2020). Considerations for employing intersectionality in qualitative health research. Social Science and Medicine, 258, 113138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113138
- Fine, M., Weis, L., Weseen, S., & Wong, L. (2000). For whom? Qualitative research, representations, and social responsibilities. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 107-131). Sage.
- Rodriguez, J. K. (2018). Intersectionality and qualitative research. In A. L. C. C. Cassell, & G. Grandy (Ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Business and Management Research Methods (1st ed., pp. 429-461).
- Hankivsky, O., & Grace, D. (2015). Understanding and emphasizing difference and intersectionality in multimethod and mixed methods research. In S. N. Hesse-Biber & R. B. Johnson (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Multimethod and Mixed Methods Research Inquiry (pp. 1-32). Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199933624.013.8
- Kalichman, S. C., Shkembi, B., & Eaton, L. A. (2022). Finding the right angle: A geometric approach to measuring intersectional HIV stigma. AIDS and Behavior, 26(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03437-z
- Hardeman, R. R., Homan, P. A., Chantarat, T., Davis, B. A., & Brown, T. H. (2022). Improving the measurement of structural racism to achieve antiracist health policy. Health Affairs, 41(2), 179-186. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01489
- Mertens, D. M. (2012). Transformative mixed methods: Addressing inequities. American Behavioral Scientist, 56(6), 802-813. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764211433797
- Bryant, J., Bolt, R., Botfield, J. R., Martin, K., Doyle, M., Murphy, D., ... & Aggleton, P. (2021). Beyond deficit: ‘Strengths‐based approaches’ in Indigenous health research. Sociology of Health & Illness, 43(6), 1405-1421. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13311
- Buchanan, N. T., Rios, D., & Case, K. A. (2020). Intersectional cultural humility: Aligning critical inquiry with critical praxis in psychology. Women & Therapy, 43(3-4), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1080/02703149.2020.1729469
- In this classic article, Leslie McCall jumpstarts intersectionality methodology but first noting the void of attention to the complexity of intersectionality. She proposes three approaches to intersectionality complexity approaches: (1) anticategorical;(2) intracategorical; and (3) intercategorical. This article is essential reading for intersectionality researchers.
Systematic Reviews
- Bauer, G. R., Churchill, S. M., Mahendran, M., Walwyn, C., Lizotte, D., & Villa-Rueda, A. A. (2021). Intersectionality in quantitative research: A systematic review of its emergence and applications of theory and methods. SSM - Population Health, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100798
- Guan, A., Thomas, M., Vittinghoff, E. Bowleg, L., Mangurian, C. & Wesson, P. (Accepted for publication): An investigation of quantitative methods for assessing intersectionality in health research: A systematic review. SSM- Population Health.
Measurement
- Scheim, A., & Bauer, G. R. (2019). The Intersectionality Discrimination Index: Development and validation of measures of self-reported enacted and anticipated discrimination for intercategorical analysis. Social Science and Medicine, 226, 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.016
Methods & Methodology
- Agénor, M. (2020). Future directions for incorporating intersectionality into quantitative population health research. American Journal of Public Health, 110(6), 803-806. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305610
- Bauer, G. R. (2014). Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity. Social Science and Medicine, 110, 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.022
- Bauer, G. R., & Scheim, A. I. (2019). Methods for analytic intercategorical intersectionality in quantitative research: Discrimination as a mediator of health inequalities. Social Science and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.015
- Bauer, G. R., & Scheim, A. I. (2019). Advancing quantitative intersectionality research methods: Intracategorical and intercategorical approaches to shared and differential constructs. Social Science and Medicine, 226, 260-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.03.018
- Bauer, G., Bowleg, L., Rouhani, S., Scheim, A., & Blot, S. (2014). Harnessing the power of intersectionality: Guidelines for quantitative intersectional health inequities research. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.10403.48169
- Bowleg, L., & Bauer, G. R. (2016). Invited reflection: Quantifying intersectionality. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40, 337-341. doi:10.1177/0361684316654282
- Else-Quest, N. M., & Hyde, J. S. (2016). Intersectionality in quantitative psychological research I: Theoretical and epistemological issues. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(2), 155-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684316629797
- Else-Quest, N. M., & Hyde, J. S. (2016). Intersectionality in quantitative psychological research II: Methods and techniques. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(3), 319-336. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684316647953
- Hancock, A.-M. (2013). Empirical intersectionality: A tale of two approaches. UC Irvine Law Review, 3(2), 259-296.
- Hancock, A.-M. (2007). When multiplication doesn't equal quick addition: Examining intersectionality as a research paradigm. Perspectives on Politics, 5(1), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592707070065
- Warner, L. (2008). A best practices guide to intersectional approaches in psychological research. Sex Roles, 59, 454-463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-008-9504-5
- Mahendran, M., Lizotte, D., & Bauer, G. (2022). Quantitative methods for descriptive intersectional analysis with binary health outcomes. SSM – Population Health, 17, 101032.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101032
- Bowleg, L. (2012). The problem with the phrase “women and minorities”: Intersectionality, an important theoretical framework for public health. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 1267- 1273. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300750. PMID: 22594719
- Hankivsky, O., & Christoffersen, A. (2008). Intersectionality and the determinants of health: A Canadian perspective. Critical Public Health, 18(3), 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581590802294296
- Hankivsky, O., Reid, C., Cormier, R., Varcoe, C., Clark, N., Benoit, C., & Brotman, S. (2010). Exploring the promises of intersectionality for advancing women's health research. Int J Equity Health, 9(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-9-5
- Kapilashrami, A., & Hankivsky, O. (2018). Intersectionality and why it matters to global health. The Lancet, 391(10140), 2589-2591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31431-4
- Springer, K. W., Hankivsky, O., & Bates, L. M. (2012). Gender and health: Relational, intersectional, and biosocial approaches. Social Science & Medicine, 74(11), 1661-1666.https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.001
- Weber, L., & Parra-Medina, D. (2003). Intersectionality and women's health: Charting a path to eliminating health disparities. Advances in Gender Research, 7, 181-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1529-2126(03)07006-1
- Weber, L., & Fore, M. E. (2007). Race, ethnicity, and health: An intersectional approach. In H. Vera & J. R. Feagin (Eds.), Handbooks of the Sociology of Racial and Ethnic Relations (pp. 191-218). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70845-4_12
- Turan, J. M., Elafros, M. A., Logie, C. H., Banik, S., Turan, B., Crockett, K. B., Pescosolido, B., & Murray, S. M. (2019). Challenges and opportunities in examining and addressing intersectional stigma and health. BMC Medicine, 17(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1246-9
- Homan, P., Brown, T. H., & King, B. (2021). Structural intersectionality as a new direction for health disparities research. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 62(3), 350-370. https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465211032947
- Budge, S. L., Thai, J. L., Tebbe, E. A., & Howard, K. A. S. (2016). The intersection of race, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, trans identity, and mental health outcomes. Counseling Psychology, 44, 1025-1049. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000015609046
- Opara, I., Hill, A. V., Calhoun, A., Francois, M., Alves, C., Garcia-Reid, P., & Reid, R. J. (2021). Sociopolitical control as a mediator between ethnic identity and social support on 30-day drug use among black girls. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332640.2021.1975007
- Opara, I., Lardier Jr, D. T., Reid, R. J., & Garcia-Reid, P. (2019). “It All Starts with the Parents”: A Qualitative Study on Protective Factors for Drug-Use Prevention among Black and Hispanic Girls. Affilia, 34(2), 199-218. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886109918822543
- Alvidrez, J., Greenwood, G. L., Johnson, T. L., & Parker, K. L. (2020, 2021/01/01). Intersectionality in public health research: A view from the National Institutes of Health. American Journal of Public Health, 111(1), 95-97. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305986
- Ford, C. L., & Airhihenbuwa, C. O. (2010). Critical race theory, race equity, and public health: Toward antiracism praxis. American Journal of Public Health, 100 (Suppl 1), S30-S35. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2009.171058
- Collins, P. H., & Bilge, S. (2020). Intersectionality (2nd ed.). Wiley.
- Collins, P. H. (2019). Intersectionality as critical social theory. Duke University.
- Grzanka, P. R. (Ed.). (2014). Intersectionality: A foundations and frontiers reader. Westview.
- Grzanka, P. R. (Ed.). (2019). Intersectionality: Foundations and frontiers. Routledge.
- Hancock, A.-M. (2016). Intersectionality: An intellectual history. Oxford University.
- Hankivsky, O., & Jordan-Zachery, J. S. (Eds.). (2019). The Palgrave Handbook of Intersectionality in Public Policy. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98473-5.
- May, V. M. (2015). Pursuing intersectionality, unsettling dominant imaginaries. Routledge.
- Schulz, A. J., & Mullings, L. (2006). Gender, race, class, and health: Intersectional approaches. Jossey- Bass.
- Esposito, J., & Evans-Winters, V. (2022). Introduction to intersectional qualitative research. Sage.
- Hankivsky, O., & Cormier, R. (2011). Intersectionality and public policy: Some lessons from existing models. Political Research Quarterly, 64(1), 217-229. https://doi.org/10.1177/1065912910376385
- Hankivsky, O. (2012). An Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis Framework. Institute for Intersectionality Research and Policy, Simon Fraser University. www.sfu.ca/iirp/ibpa.html
- Hankivsky, O., Grace, D., Hunting, G., Giesbrecht, M., Fridkin, A., Rudrum, S., Ferlatte, O., & Clark, N. (2014). An intersectionality-based policy analysis framework: Critical reflections on a methodology for advancing equity [journal article]. International Journal for Equity in Health, 13(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-014-0119-x
- Rausch, D., Dieffenbach, C., Cheever, L., & Fenton, K. (2011). Towards a more coordinated federal response to improving HIV prevention and sexual health among men who have sex with men. AIDS and Behavior, 15(0), 107-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-9908-z
- Agénor, M., Perkins, C., Stamoulis, C., Hall, R. D., Samnaliev, M., Berland, S., & Bryn Austin, S. (2021). Developing a database of structural racism–related state laws for health equity research and practice in the United States. Public Health Reports (1974-), 0033354920984168. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354920984168
- Weber, S. B., & Penn, M. (2022). Public health strategies: A pathway for public health practice to leverage law in advancing equity. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 28. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000001444
- Etowa, J., Sano, Y., Hyman, I., Dabone, C., Mbagwu, I., Ghose, B., Osman, M., & Mohamoud, H. (2021). Difficulties accessing health care services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: Examining the intersectionality between immigrant status and visible minority status. International Journal for Equity in Health, 20(1), 255. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-021-01593-1
- Gaist, P. A., Greenwood, G. L., Wilson, A., Dempsey, A., Harrison, T. P., Haverkate, R. T., ... & Phillips, H. J. (2022). US Government Health Agencies’ Efforts to Address HIV-Related Intersectional Stigma. American Journal of Public Health, 112(S4), S401-S404. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306732
You won’t find the word intersectionality in any of these books, but you will find beautiful and profound insights by fierce cisgender women of color writers and activists about the concept. Collectively, all of the books listed here highlight the authors’ experiences or reflections with interlocking oppression (i.e., sexism, racism, heterosexism and classism), and their resistance and resilience in spite of it.
- Anzaldúa, G. (1987/2012). Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza (Fourth ed.). Aunt Lute.
- Collins, P. H. (1991). Black feminist thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment. Routledge.
- Davis, A. Y. (1983). Women, race and class (1st ed.). Vintage Books.
- Giddings, P. (1984). When and where I enter: The impact of Black women on race and sex in America. Bantam Books.
- hooks, b. (1989). Talking back: Thinking feminist, thinking Black. South End.
- hooks, b. (1984). Feminist theory: From margin to center. South End.
- hooks, b. (1981). Ain't I a woman: Black women and feminism. South End Press.
- Lorde, A. (1984). Sister outsider: Essays and speeches. Crossing Press.
- Moraga, C., & Anzaldua, G. (Eds.). (1981). This bridge called my back: Writings by radical women of color. Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press.
- Smith, B. (Ed.). (1983). Home girls: A Black feminist anthology. Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press.
Articles & Journal Publications
- Mahendran, M., Lizotte, D., & Bauer, G. R. (2022). Quantitative methods for descriptive intersectional analysis with binary health outcomes. SSM-population health, 17, 101032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101032
- Mahendran, M., Lizotte, D., & Bauer, G. R. (2022). Describing Intersectional Health Outcomes: An Evaluation of Data Analysis Methods. Epidemiology, 33(3), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000001466
- Earnshaw, V. A., Jonathon Rendina, H., Bauer, G. R., Bonett, S., Bowleg, L., Carter, J., ... & Kerrigan, D. L. (2022). Methods in HIV-Related Intersectional Stigma Research: Core Elements and Opportunities. American journal of public health, 112(S4), S413-S419. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306710
- Kia, H., Rutherford, L., Jackson, R., Grigorovich, A., Ricote, C. L., Scheim, A. I., & Bauer, G. R. (2022). Impacts of COVID-19 on trans and non-binary people in Canada: a qualitative analysis of responses to a national survey. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13684-x
- Bauer, G. R., Mahendran, M., Walwyn, C., & Shokoohi, M. (2022). Latent variable and clustering methods in intersectionality research: Systematic review of methods applications. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 57, 221-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-021-02195-6
- Bauer, G. R., Churchill, S. M., Mahendran, M., Walwyn, C., Lizotte, D., & Villa-Rueda, A. A. (2021). Intersectionality in quantitative research: A systematic review of its emergence and applications of theory and methods. SSM - Population Health, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100798
- Bauer, G. R., & Lizotte, D. J. (2021). Artificial intelligence, intersectionality, and the future of public health. American Journal of Public Health, 111(1), 98-100. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306006
- Bauer, G. R., & Scheim, A. I. (2019). Methods for analytic intercategorical intersectionality in quantitative research: Discrimination as a mediator of health inequalities. Social Science and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.12.015
- Bauer, G. R., & Scheim, A. I. (2019). Advancing quantitative intersectionality research methods: Intracategorical and intercategorical approaches to shared and differential constructs. Social Science and Medicine, 226, 260-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.03.018
- Bauer, G. R. (2014). Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity. Social Science and Medicine, 110, 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.022
- Bauer, G., Bowleg, L., Rouhani, S., Scheim, A., & Blot, S. (2014). Harnessing the power of intersectionality: Guidelines for quantitative intersectional health inequities research. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.10403.48169
- Bowleg, L., Malekzadeh, A. N., Mbaba, M., & Boone, C. A. (2022). Ending the HIV epidemic for all, not just some: structural racism as a fundamental but overlooked social-structural determinant of the US HIV epidemic. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 17(2), 40-45.https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000724
- English, D., Boone, C. A., Carter, J. A., Talan, A. J., Busby, D. R., Moody, R. L., ... & Rendina, H. J. (2022). Intersecting structural oppression and suicidality among Black sexual minority male adolescents and emerging adults. Journal of research on adolescence, 32(1), 226-243. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12726
- Bowleg, L., Boone, C. A., Holt, S. L., del Río-González, A. M., & Mbaba, M. (2022). Beyond “heartfelt condolences”: A critical take on mainstream psychology’s responses to anti-Black police brutality. American Psychologist, 77(3), 362. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000899
- Earnshaw, V. A., Jonathon Rendina, H., Bauer, G. R., Bonett, S., Bowleg, L., Carter, J., ... & Kerrigan, D. L. (2022). Methods in HIV-Related Intersectional Stigma Research: Core Elements and Opportunities. American journal of public health, 112(S4), S413-S419. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306710
- Taggart, T., Jonathon Rendina, H., Boone, C. A., Burns, P., Carter, J., English, D., ... & Bowleg, L. (2022). Stigmatizing Spaces and Places as Axes of Intersectional Stigma Among Sexual Minority Men in HIV Prevention Research. American journal of public health, 112(S4), S371-S373. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306676
- Dale, S. K., Ayala, G., Logie, C. H., & Bowleg, L. (2022). Addressing HIV-Related Intersectional Stigma and Discrimination to Improve Public Health Outcomes: An AJPH Supplement. American Journal of Public Health, 112(S4), S335-S337. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306738
- Bowleg, L. (2022). The Problem With Intersectional Stigma and HIV Equity Research. American Journal of Public Health, 112(S4), S344-S346. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306729
- Bowleg, L. (2021). Evolving intersectionality within public health: From analysis to action. American Journal of Public Health, 111(1), 88-90. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306031
- Bowleg, L. (2020). We’re not all in this together: On Covid-19, intersectionality, and structural inequality. American Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305766
- Bowleg, L. (2017). Towards a critical health equity research stance: Why epistemology and methodology matter more than qualitative methods. Health Education and Behavior, 44(5), 677-684. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198117728760
- Bowleg, L., del Río-González, A. M., Holt, S., L., Pérez, C., Massie, J. S., Mandell, J. E., & Boone, C. (2017). Intersectional epistemologies of ignorance: How behavioral and social science research shapes what we know, think we know, and don’t know about U.S. Black men’s sexualities. Journal of Sex Research, 54, 577-603. doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1295300
- Bowleg, L., Teti, M., Malebranche, D.J., & Tschann, J.M. (2013). “It’s an uphill battle everyday": Intersectionality and the implications of social-structural factors for sexual HIV risk among Black heterosexual men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 14(1), 25-34. doi: 10.1037/a0028392. PMCID: 3591486.
- Bowleg, L. (2013). “Once you’ve blended the cake, you can’t take the parts back to the main ingredients”: Black gay and bisexual men’s descriptions and experiences of intersectionality. Sex Roles, 68, 754-767. doi: 10.1007/s11199-012-0152-4
- Bowleg, L. (2012). The problem with the phrase “women and minorities”: Intersectionality, an important theoretical framework for public health. American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 1267- 1273. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300750. PMID: 22594719
- Bowleg, L. (2008). When Black + Woman + Lesbian? ≠ Black Lesbian Woman: The methodological challenges of qualitative and quantitative intersectionality research. Sex Roles, 59(5-6), 312-325. doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9400-z
Book Chapters
- Bowleg, L. (2019). Epilogue: Intersectionality matters. In P.R. Grzanka (Ed.), Intersectionality: Foundations and frontiers (2 nd ed., pp. 413-420). NY: Routledge.
- Bowleg, L. (2018). The unnatural state of Black women's health in the U.S.: Intersectional and social-structural perspectives. In J. C. Chrisler & C. Golden (Eds.), Lectures on the psychology of women (5th ed., pp. 248-267). Long Grove, IL: Waveland.
- Bowleg, L. (2017). Intersectionality: An underutilized but essential theoretical framework for social psychology. In B. Gough (Ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Social Psychology (pp. 507-529). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Patel, S. (2015). The research paradigm — methodology, epistemology and ontology — explained in simple language. https://salmapatel.co.uk/academia/the-research-paradigm-methodology-epistemology-and-ontology-explained-in-simple-language/
- Mason, C. N. (n.d.). Leading at the intersections: An introduction to the intersectional approach model for policy and social change. http://www.intergroupresources.com/rc/Intersectionality%20primer%20-%20Women%20of%20Color%20Policy%20Network.pdf
- Jones, R. G. (2010). Putting privilege into practice through “intersectional reflexivity”: Ruminations, interventions, and possibilities. Faculty Research and Creative Activity, 3, 122-125. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=commstudies_fac
- Navarro, V. (2021). What is happening in the United States? How social classes influence the political life of the country and its health and quality of life. International Journal of Health Services, 51(2), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731421994841